Classification Of Wide Range Regulators

An electronic device that can provide a stable AC power supply to the load. Also known as Wide Range Voltage Stabilizer. For parameters and quality indicators of AC stabilized power supply, please refer to DC stabilized power supply. Various electronic devices require a relatively stable AC power supply, especially when computer technology is applied to various fields, the method of directly supplying power from the AC power grid without taking any measures can no longer meet the needs.
AC stabilized power supply has a wide range of uses and many types, which can be roughly divided into the following 5 types.
① Wide range voltage stabilizer: an AC voltage stabilizer made by combining a saturated choke and a corresponding capacitor with a constant voltage volt-ampere characteristic. The early typical structure of a wide range voltage stabilizer. It has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, allows a wide range of input voltage variations, works reliably, and has a strong overload capacity. However, the waveform distortion is large and the stability is not high. The voltage stabilizing transformer developed in recent years is also a power supply device that uses the nonlinearity of electromagnetic components to achieve voltage stabilization. The difference between it and the wide range voltage stabilizer is the different magnetic circuit structure, but the basic working principle is the same. It realizes the dual functions of voltage stabilization and voltage transformation on one core, so it is superior to ordinary power transformers and wide range voltage stabilizers.
② Magnetic amplifier type AC voltage stabilizer: A device that connects a magnetic amplifier and an autotransformer in series and uses an electronic circuit to change the impedance of the magnetic amplifier to stabilize the output voltage. Its circuit form can be linear amplification or pulse width modulation. This type of voltage stabilizer has a closed-loop system with feedback control, so it has high stability and good output waveform. However, due to the use of a magnetic amplifier with large inertia, the recovery time is long. And because of the use of autocoupling, the anti-interference ability is poor.
③ Sliding AC voltage stabilizer: A device that changes the position of the sliding contact of the transformer to stabilize the output voltage, that is, an automatic voltage regulating AC voltage stabilizer driven by a servo motor. This type of voltage stabilizer has high efficiency, good output voltage waveform, and no special requirements for the nature of the load. But the stability is low and the recovery time is long.
④ Inductive AC voltage stabilizer: A device that stabilizes the output AC voltage by changing the phase difference of the secondary voltage of the transformer relative to the primary voltage. It is similar to a wire-wound asynchronous motor in structure, and similar to an induction voltage regulator in principle. It has a wide voltage regulation range, good output voltage waveform, and can reach hundreds of kilowatts. However, since the rotor is often in a stalled state, the power consumption is large and the efficiency is low. In addition, due to the large amount of copper and iron used, it is relatively small.
⑤ Thyristor AC voltage stabilizer: an AC voltage stabilizer that uses thyristors as power adjustment elements. It has the advantages of high stability, fast response, and no noise. However, it damages the AC waveform and interferes with communication equipment and electronic equipment.
With the development of power supply technology, the following three new types of AC voltage stabilizers appeared in the 1980s. ① Compensated AC voltage stabilizer: also known as partial adjustment voltage stabilizer. The additional voltage of the compensation transformer is connected in series between the power supply and the load. As the input voltage changes, an intermittent AC switch (contactor or thyristor) or a continuous servo motor is used to change the size or polarity of the additional voltage, and the higher (or insufficient) part of the input voltage is subtracted (or added) to achieve the purpose of voltage stabilization. The capacity of the compensation transformer is only about 1/7 of the output power. It has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, but the stability is not high. ② Digital control AC voltage stabilizer and stepping voltage stabilizer: The control circuit is composed of logic elements or microprocessors, and the primary turns of the transformer are converted according to the input voltage to stabilize the output voltage. ③ Purification AC voltage stabilizer: It is used because of its good isolation effect and can eliminate spike interference from the power grid.