How Voltage Optimizers Work

The working principle of Voltage Optimiser (commonly known as voltage regulator) is to adjust and control the input voltage to keep the output voltage within a predetermined range. The core is to intelligently control the excitation current of the generator or adjust the working state of the voltage regulator to achieve precise regulation and stable control of the output voltage.

Specifically, when the engine speed increases, the voltage generated by the generator will also increase. At this time, the voltage regulator will reduce the excitation current to reduce the magnetic field strength inside the generator, so that the output voltage remains constant. Conversely, when the engine speed decreases, the voltage regulator will increase the excitation current to enhance the magnetic field and maintain the stability of the output voltage.

In addition, the voltage regulator usually contains a core component, the voltage regulator, which consists of a diode and a transistor. When the input voltage is greater than the output voltage, the diode is turned on, the transistor is turned off, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage minus the diode voltage drop; when the input voltage is less than the output voltage, the diode is turned off, the transistor is turned on, and the output voltage is equal to the reference voltage of the voltage regulator. By constantly adjusting and controlling the working state of the voltage regulator, the voltage regulator can achieve precise regulation of the output voltage.

There are many types of voltage regulators, such as linear regulators, switching regulators, buck regulators, and boost regulators, each with different characteristics and application scenarios. For example, linear regulators have stable output voltage, low noise, low price but low efficiency, and are suitable for low-power scenarios; while switching regulators have high efficiency, wide output voltage range, strong load capacity but high noise, and are suitable for high-power scenarios.

In general, voltage optimizers (voltage regulators) ensure that the output voltage is always kept within the predetermined range by intelligently controlling the excitation current or adjusting the working state of the regulator, thereby ensuring the stability of the power supply system and the normal operation of the equipment.