What Are The Structures Of Static Voltage Stabilizer?

A typical switched capacitor converter consists of four large MOS switches that switch in a typical sequence to switch on and off, doubling or halving the input supply voltage. Energy transfer and storage is provided by external capacitors.
During the first part of the switching cycle, the input voltage is applied to one capacitor (C1). During the second part of the switching cycle, charge is transferred from C1 to the second capacitor, C2. * The traditional switched capacitor converter is constructed as an inverter, where C2 has a grounded positive terminal and its negative terminal delivers a negative output voltage. After a few cycles, the voltage across C2 will be applied to the input voltage. Assuming there is no load on C2, no losses in the switches, and no continuous resistance in the capacitors, the output voltage will be exactly the negative of the input voltage. In reality, the efficiency of the charge transfer (and therefore the accuracy of the output voltage) depends on the switching frequency, the resistance of the switches, the value of the capacitors, and the continuous resistance. A similar topology, the voltage doubler, uses the same switches and capacitor bank, but changes the ground connection and input voltage. Other more complex variations use additional switches and capacitors to achieve other ratios of input voltage to output voltage, and in some cases, use specialized switching sequences to produce fractional relationships (such as 3/2). In their simplest forms, switched capacitor converters are unregulated. Some new National Semiconductor switched capacitor converters have automatically adjusted gain levels to produce a regulated output; others use an internal Static Voltage Stabilizer to produce an unregulated output.